Heart Disease Essay - 723 Words

Heart disease Introduction What is heart disease? Heart disease or Cardiovascular disease is an abnormal function of the heart or blood vessels. It can cause an increase in risk for heart attack, heart failure, sudden death, stroke and cardiac rhythm problems, thus resulting in decreased quality of life and decreased life expectancy. The causes of cardiovascular disease range from structural defects, to infection, inflammation, environment and genetics. In order to help prevent cardiovascular disease one must adopt a healthy lifestyle and avoid smoking, fattening foods and stress. Heart disease is a serious problem not only in the United States but also in many other countries around the world. Every 33 seconds, a person dies from†¦show more content†¦How often should I take my blood pressure? If you are just starting to monitor your blood pressure you might begin by taking it twice a day for a week or two, then cut back to a couple of times a week. How common is heart disease? Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), in 2010 heart disease will cost the United States $316.4 billion. This total includes the cost of healthcare services, medications and lost productivity. Cardiovascular disease (includes heart disease and stroke) claims more lives each year than the next four leading causes of death combined, which are cancer, chronic lower respiratory diseases, accidents and diabetes. Many steps, however, can be taken towards heart disease prevention, like regular health screening. Conclusion Most importantly, heredity and gender also cause people to have Cardiovascular Diseases. Men have very higher risks to have heart disease than women, but after women reach the age of 65 they have about same risks as men do. You have gotten lots of traits from your parents. Due to that, there are more chances to get a heart disease from your parents if your parents have heart disease than someone who doesnt have anybody with heart disease in his family history. Older age also leads having heart disease. About 4 of every 5 deaths are caused by heart disease in people older thanShow MoreRelatedWomen and Heart Disease Essay1560 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The topic I will explore is heart disease in women. The question, what do healthcare providers need to know about cardiovascular disease in women and how their symptoms and presentation differ from men will be discussed. Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in women and men in the Western world. Nearly 1 million cardiovascular related deaths a year are women. Many women’s risk factors go unrecognized and untreated by their primary care physician (Pregler et al., 2009)Read MoreEssay on Major Risk Factors for Heart Disease913 Words   |  4 PagesWith heart disease and its risk factors affecting a large majority of the human population (WHO 2012) it is imperative to raise awareness of daily physical activity and the preventative and manageable benefits it reaps against heart disease (Bassuk Manson 2009). Over the past five decades a great deal of data has been collected portraying evidence of the inverse relationship between a sedentary lifestyle and an incre ased risk of cardiovascular disease (Archer Blair 2011). Some examples of commonRead MoreEssay on On Heart Disease877 Words   |  4 PagesOn Heart Disease Coronary heart disease makes up 56% of all deaths relating to heart conditions. The heart pumps blood around the body carrying oxygen and other essential nutrients to the areas in the body where they are needed.1 Coronary Heart disease is when this process is restricted or interrupted. The coronary arteries come off the main aorta, which are the first arteries to receive freshly oxygenated blood. They pass over the surface of the heart and supply itRead More Heart Disease Essay798 Words   |  4 Pagesmatter how advanced our society has become, our nations health hasnt caught up. After all, heart disease, also known as cardiovascular disease, is our nations number one killer (Preventive Magazine Health Books p. 153). The most common, and most preventable, heart disease of all is coronary artery disease. This is caused when blockages develop in the blood vessels that provide oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. A more general term for any impairment of blood flow through the blood vessels isRead MoreEssay on Heart Disease1487 Words   |  6 PagesHeart Disease nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;You need your heart for all your body needs. It pumps about 2000 gallons of blood a day. It takes about 20 seconds for blood to reach every cell in the body. An artery carries blood out from the heart. A vein carries blood back to the heart. An average adult heart weighs about 10-13 ounces (300 to 350 grams). The rate which the heart pumps varies depending on what your doing. When at rest the heart pumps more slowly. When youRead MoreEssay on Coronary Heart Disease1167 Words   |  5 PagesCoronary Heart Disease Coronary heart disease occurs when the coronary arteries become partially blocked from, cholesterol and fat, circulating in the blood. This causes a build up inside the walls of the arteries. This only occurs if the levels of fat and cholesterol are extremely high in the blood that there is a greater chance that it will be deposited onto the artery walls. If the arteries become completely blocked, the patient will have a myocardial infarction,Read MoreEssay on Heart Disease and Women987 Words   |  4 PagesHeart disease is the leading cause of death among women in the United States. It is estimated that one in four women die from heart disease every year. Women are at a higher risk for heart disease than men because of a lack of knowledge and information. Women often feel the need to care for others before themselves and neglect their own health needs. As mothers, and sisters, and daughters it is important to protect our health for those that depend on us. Heart disease is preventable through knowledgeRead MoreCoronary Heart Disease Essay517 Words   |  3 PagesCoronary Heart Disease Coronary heart disease is the most common form of heart disease. It is a general term for both heart attack and angina. Many people suffer from it and 500,000 Americans die from it each year. It is much more common in older people and in males. However, women tend to be older and sicker when they are first treated for a heart attack. Coronary heart disease occurs when some of the arteries that carry blood to the heart muscle become narrowed withRead MoreStress and Heart Disease Essay953 Words   |  4 PagesHeart Disease and Stress Miller and Blackwell state, â€Å"Though people have long believed that certain thoughts and feelings are toxic for their health, only in the past 30 years has convincing evidence accumulated to support this view†¦ specific cognitive and emotional processes do contribute to the development and progression of medical illness,† (Miller Blackwell, 2006, p. 269). Heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Through many experiments, research has shownRead MoreEssay on Coronary Heart Disease982 Words   |  4 PagesCoronary Heart Disease Coronary heart disease remains the most common cause of death in the United Kingdom. A statistic from the American Heart Association is that heart disease claims a life every 24 seconds. [www.americanheart.org] Another is that it is the largest single cause of premature death in the United Kingdom, responsible for 180 000 deaths annually. [www.americanheart.org] Some cases are related to family history, but in my opinion the majority of cases

Strategic Management Of Etisalat Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management Of Etisalat. Answer: Introduction Etisalat is a multinational telecommunications company operating in the Middle East countries, Asia and many African countries (www.etisalat.com). The company has its headquarters in UAE. It ranks on one of the topmost telecommunication companies of the globe with revenues of around AED $2.4 billion and a profit close to AED $8.4 billion. Vision of the Business The vision of the business is to create a ambitious strategy to help the business to grow and earn huge profits. Mission of the Business The mission of Etisalat is to innovate and develop the advanced networks that will enable the service users of the company to develop, learn and grow. The company does this by providing its users the necessary services and the technologies that enables the people and the business all around the globe to reach out to each other and share their views. Core Values of the Business The core values of the business include; Energy The business has the aim to provide a value and nurture the energy and the dynamic nature that is needed to gain success in the business. Enablement The aim of the mentioned company is to open up a range of opportunities and to actively help the people reach their goals (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). The management of the company promises to deliver all the promises that they have made. Open Nature The management of the company is responsible enough and understands the position of their company as one of the most top brands of Telecommunication. The management is also welcoming, sociable and extreme friendly to the customers, its employees and its suppliers. Analysis of the External Factors: PESTLE Analysis Political- The government control in UAE over the companies is one of the most important factors behind the success of the business organization. The following organization operates in many other countries and thus it is mandatory for the organization to follow the rules in such countries. Economical- The exchange rates, tax rates, purchasing power parity and the inflation rate of the following area are key factors that determine the success of the business. Social- Etisalat Company has the aims to meet all the social standards and provide the users with high social standards of living. The company ensures that the users are provided with a totally different level of service. Technological- The mentioned telecommunication company provides the state of the art technology to the service users. The technology helps the organization to provide the users with easy communication, a reduction cost and a world-class service (Eden Ackermann, 2013). Environmental- Etisalat has to take care of the environmental factors so that its operations dose not affects the environment. Legal- Each and every rules of the country where the company operates is followed to ensure the smooth flow of operations. Analysis of the Internal Factors: SWOT Analysis STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Large base of service users A multinational company with presence in a diverse range of market Weak business performance in some of the countries Organization of the business lacks strength OPPURTUNITIES THREATS Focusing on the internet of things and cloud Launch of Volte Services in UAE Huge competition from other companies Regulations and policies and taxes involved Setting up Long term Objectives The management of Etisalat has the aim to be the largest service provider of the Middle East countries and Africa and innovate new products and services to provide the users a high quality of digital telecommunication service (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). List of Alternative Strategies The banned service of Voice over Internet Protocol in UAE and the emergence of Du had forced Etisalat to push for new reforms in the market and they have concentrated on other peripheral business to achieve success in the market. Annual Objectives The objectives of the organization is to successfully implement and maintain its 4G and Volte network and make sure that the organization can provide a better service to the users. Policies and Guidelines Etisalat reserves all the rights to modify the services of the internet and the products from time to time and no intervention from outside sources is tolerated. All the information provided to the customers are true and genuine The employees must be honest and disciplined and the company has the sole right to take decisions if any problem arises (Bettis et al. 2016) Allocating Resources The resources such as funds, networks, cables, communication devices and internet accessories are provided to the organizational departments by the management. Establishing Evaluation Measures The evaluation measures of the company are useful for the proper monitoring of the operations performed by the management. Evaluation of the management helps to execute the tasks early and efficiently. Introduction Emirates Airlines is the largest aircraft company of the Middle East and is one of the leading companies of the following sector in the world (www.emirates.com). The Airlines is a subsidiary of the Emirates group and has one of the largest international hub in Dubai airport. Vision of the Business The vision of the business is to build a strong and stable leadership team and make ambitious plans for the growth of the company. However the ambitious plans will be well calculated and will consist of innovative and ground breaking ideas that will play a major role in the developmental process. Mission of the Business The mission of the business is to become the largest and the best airline of the world in the coming years. The company has also the aim to provide its users with a state of the art services. Core Values of the Business The management of Emirates believes that the ethics followed by them are the pillars to the success of the business. The company cares for each and every of its employee and takes into consideration the environment and the communities in which they provide their services. Analysis of the External Factors: PESTLE Analysis Political factors- The aviation sector in the Middle East is mainly controlled by the government and thus politics play a major role in its operations Economic factors- The economic factors directly affect the profit margin of the business. The Government of UAE has provided the company with adequate funds and investment through which the company has increased its fleet size and the number of flying destinations. Social Factors- Social factors include the demand and taste of the people. The best infrastructure and state of the art facilities have been helpful for the mentioned Airlines Company to earn recognition from the customers. Technological factors- The advancement and innovation in technology has been well adapted by Emirates. Emirates have integrated some of the future ready technologies for the passengers who travel with them (Bettis et al. 2016). Legal factors- The Company follows every rules and regulations of the countries from where it operates. The regulations and policies help the management to have a clear and transparent view of the dos and donts and thus help to avoid any legal complications. Environmental Factors- The major concern of an airline company with a large number of fleets is a great source of environmental concern for the organization and thus the management has formulated some environmental friendly strategies to address the climate issues (Eden Ackermann, 2013). Analysis of the Internal Factors: SWOT Analysis STRENGTH WEAKNESSES Brand Name and sponsorship State of the art infrastructure High price of tickets Absence from key profitable markets OPPURTUNITIES THREATS New Airport will help them expand Emergence of Dubai as a business hub Etihad, Qatar airways are strong competitors Middle East crisis is a grave concern Setting up Long term Objectives The management of Emirates Airlines has plans to fly an approx 70 million passengers in the year 2020. This comes as an additional plan as the company has already planned to develop the existing infrastructure to meet the ever increasing demand of the customers. List of Alternative Strategies The mentioned group aims to be the topmost airline of the world and help the millions of passengers from all around the world to connect to Dubai. It aims to increase the amount of nonstop flights by projecting Dubai as a strategic location. Annual Objectives The annual objectives of the company are to garner additional revenue for the organization and increase the connectivity with the different parts of the world. The company is in talks with the government of different countries like Canada and Germany to start new operations from profitable destinations.. Policies and Guidelines Emirates have set up a clear set of guidelines for the employees to follow. The policies cover all the required areas including legal, health and safety of the employees. The guidelines of the organization have clearly defined the roles of every employee within the organization. Allocating Resources The resources are allocated to the different departments of the management by considering a number of factors like; Balancing the needs of the general management and the functional management. It is very much important to focus on the fundamentals of the organization to achieve success Building an element of trust Establishing Evaluation Measures The management of the company designates a team comprising of a senior from the management itself to perform and submit a report on the measurement of evaluation. The main task of the team is to analyze the report and take necessary actions. References "Emirates Flights Book A Flight, Browse Our Flight Offers And Explore The Emirates Experience."Emirates flights Book a flight, browse our flight offers and explore the Emirates Experience. N.p., 2017. Web. 15 Nov. 2017. Bettis, R. A., Ethiraj, S., Gambardella, A., Helfat, C., Mitchell, W. (2016). Creating repeatable cumulative knowledge in strategic management.Strategic Management Journal,37(2), 257-261. Eden, C., Ackermann, F. (2013).Making strategy: The journey of strategic management. Sage. Etisalat.com. N.p., 2017. Web. 15 Nov. 2017. Hill, C. W., Jones, G. R., Schilling, M. A. (2014).Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Madsen, T. L., Walker, G. (2015).Modern competitive strategy. McGraw Hill. Patel, P. C., Chrisman, J. J. (2014). Risk abatement as a strategy for RD investments in family firms.Strategic Management Journal,35(4), 617-627. Pearlson, K. E., Saunders, C. S., Galletta, D. F. (2016).Managing and Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley Sons. Peppard, J., Ward, J. (2016).The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. John Wiley Sons. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2017).Strategic management and business policy. pearson.

Pepsi Max Essay Example

Pepsi Max Essay Pepsi Max 1 problem identification: Introducing new low calorie and sugar free soft drink and consumers are unaware of it, but they are aware of Pepsi brand in the market 2 target audience: Geographic: Land: world wide Demographic: Age: 15-35 Gender: males who want to stay healthy Psychographic: Social status: upper / middle / lower SWOT analysis Strength Pepsi has stayed in this market for almost one century. So they are so experienced and stationed in peoples mind deeply. Now no one doesnt know the brand Pepsi-Cola Whenever the name Pepsi is heard, people will conjure up the image of fresh and cool drink. Pepsi-Cola is not only in high quality, cool and fresh but also have a competitive price in Chinese market* Sometimes Pepsi-Cola even has a lower price than Coca-Cola In China Opportunities Pepsi is such an experienced powerful global company, which has a basic of a great fund. So it has the ability to place a Idle sum of money to the promotion. We can see that the advertisement of Pepsi-Cola is so attractive. It also invited the top famous people to advertise for it. The advertisement is so elaborate and attractive so that Pepsi gained the special prize of the advertisement Granny. We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Max specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Max specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pepsi Max specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Pepsi also compares with the competitors and find their disadvantages to update its own quality, flavor and also package promptly in order to satisfy the consumers need. This is the biggest advantage of Pepsi Company. Weakness The design of Pepsi-Colas package is not as attractive as Cocacola. It still needs to be improved. Threats Pepsi-Cola and Coca-Cola have had the competition for about 80 years. Although Pepsi-Cola have won several times during this competition, the market share of Pepsi-cola is a little bit smaller than Coca-Cola 3 consumer insights: Inspire consumer to be loyal to Pepsi max (Results in customers preferring the brand and buying it over and over) 4 brand: Pepsi max is low-calorie and  sugar-free  cola for men 5 communication objectives: Customers preferring the brand and buying it over and over 6 selling idea: Live life to the Max 7 support: Pepsi max is low-calorie,  sugar-free  cola which help men not to gain weight. 8 creative direction: Pepsi Max. 100% Taste, 0% Sugar Live life to the Max 9 media: TV ads before and after matches, Billboards, Magazines, and Online strategy

Free Essays on Human Resorce Menagement

A Comparison of Training and Development Programs In today’s workforce, training and development systems or programs have become critical features. These systems often have diverse goals. Perhaps, the primary objective is to provide a new employee with the skills necessary to adequately perform his or her job. Even college graduates must generally be taught the specific tasks that will be required in the individual organization. Development issues are also prominent during the course of an employee’s tenure with a company. When new technologies become available the employees must receive training in order to learn additional skills. Given the numerous legal rules by which employees must conduct themselves, training and development in such issues as discrimination and appropriate conduct between the two sexes may prevent expensive lawsuits. Additionally, by training workers to be culturally sensitive, they become better suited to global commerce (Stumpf, Watson, & Rustogi, 1994). Appropriate methods of maintaining safet y also becomes vital material in training and development systems in occupational workstations that are potentially hazard. Thus, whether training and development consist of a department or an individual, most organizations will determine such a need existing in their company. Unfortunately, some companies often feel the need to cut back on training programs even though the long-term impact may be disastrous (â€Å"Feeling Frugal,?2002). The purpose of this paper is to examine selected training and development programs in various companies, noting positive and negative features. Training and development systems do not always involve the employees of an organization. It may also include the training of vendors or customers. Nowhere is this more clearly necessary then in organizations that sell complicated or technical products. While many items may be purchased with instructional manuals or instructional sheets, other pro... Free Essays on Human Resorce Menagement Free Essays on Human Resorce Menagement A Comparison of Training and Development Programs In today’s workforce, training and development systems or programs have become critical features. These systems often have diverse goals. Perhaps, the primary objective is to provide a new employee with the skills necessary to adequately perform his or her job. Even college graduates must generally be taught the specific tasks that will be required in the individual organization. Development issues are also prominent during the course of an employee’s tenure with a company. When new technologies become available the employees must receive training in order to learn additional skills. Given the numerous legal rules by which employees must conduct themselves, training and development in such issues as discrimination and appropriate conduct between the two sexes may prevent expensive lawsuits. Additionally, by training workers to be culturally sensitive, they become better suited to global commerce (Stumpf, Watson, & Rustogi, 1994). Appropriate methods of maintaining safet y also becomes vital material in training and development systems in occupational workstations that are potentially hazard. Thus, whether training and development consist of a department or an individual, most organizations will determine such a need existing in their company. Unfortunately, some companies often feel the need to cut back on training programs even though the long-term impact may be disastrous (â€Å"Feeling Frugal,?2002). The purpose of this paper is to examine selected training and development programs in various companies, noting positive and negative features. Training and development systems do not always involve the employees of an organization. It may also include the training of vendors or customers. Nowhere is this more clearly necessary then in organizations that sell complicated or technical products. While many items may be purchased with instructional manuals or instructional sheets, other pro...

Alpha Plantations and Major Crisis in 1999 Term Paper - 1

Alpha Plantations and Major Crisis in 1999 - Term Paper Example The oil palm company Alpha Plantations Sdn Bhd in Malaysia has two major divisions namely Oil Palm Estate and Palm Oil Mills. This company is owned by a British Company and aims to supply oil to the parent company’s detergent manufacturing business. The company employs local workers to meet the workforce needs. The mill carries out its operations in a shift based environment with three shifts employing 25 works per shift. Supervisors are appointed to watch over the work of each shift. Among the most senior members of the company is Mr. Ang. He is working in the company since 1965 and has achieved the designation of the senior production supervisor through constant efforts and struggles. Mr. Ang is supposedly experienced in dealing with almost every situation surrounded by the company’s premises. He deals with the workers, solves their normal issues, is responsible for the undisrupted operations of the business, involved in the coordination of shift planning, responsible for the preparation of daily production reports, sets short-term performance targets for the shifts and also helps in Human Resource Planning issues. He also acts as a ‘Gatekeeper’ which directs towards his important role as an assistant to the mill manager and every issue comes into his supervision before it reaches the mill manager. Owing to the multitasking and untiring efforts of Mr. Ang, the mill manager is quite satisfied and contented with the firm, methodical and almost militarily efficient way of running the business. The year 1999 acted as a devastating experience for Alpha mills. The basic reason behind the deteriorated financial performance was the cut off in the oil prices. The mill manager, Captain Chubb, could not find a better way to overcome the situation and restrain the regular losses. Captain Chubb was replaced by Mr. Ian Davison who was appointed as a new mill manager to Alpha mills.

The impact of University Center Cesar Ritz students expenditure on the Essay

The impact of University Center Cesar Ritz students expenditure on the local community of Brig - Essay Example This mini â€Å"United Nations" truly represents the international aspect of the hospitality industry. The faculty and staff of UCCR are here to assist the students and guide them to achieve academic excellence. This environment may also help the educators in hospitality management to enhance their professional abilities and knowledge to guide and educate future professionals â€Å"who are mentally equipped to face current and future challenges with regards to the internationalization of hotels† (Velo & Mittaz, abstract, 2006). In turn, they aid the students by giving them the capital to implement transformational leadership methods and techniques to face the new challenges (Gil, Flaschner & Shachar, abstract, 2006). Unlike other hotel schools, UCCR focuses on the management aspects of the hotel & tourism industry, and prepares the students for supervisory and managerial positions. It is an objective, which Ricci and Tesone (2006) describe in their abstract as the importance of certain knowledge, skills, abilities, and attitudes, as well as their competencies. University Center Cesar Ritz was originally founded in Switzerland in 1982 under the name Hotelconsult SHCC, which represented a hotel chain management. By 1986, after the death of Cesar, under the management of his wife, the Hotelconsult, transformed the hotel into Cesar Ritz Foundation which operates and manages a chain Ritz hotel and an education institution to teach young people the hospitality management and trade. The name Cesar Ritz was adopted as a legacy of one of the founders of the hotel industry and the owner of the Hotelconsult SHCC. In the section of â€Å"Founders of the Hotel Industry,† Cesar Ritz is described as â€Å"a hotelier at the Grand National Hotel in Lucerne, Switzerland. Because of his management abilities, â€Å"the hotel became one of the most popular in Europe and Cesar Ritz

A definition of the values and ethics in sport Essay Example for Free

A definition of the values and ethics in sport Essay Principles A principle is a basic truth, law or policy. Principles are standards that define moral behaviour. A principle in sport might be that the officials teat all equally on the field of play. For example the referee in a rugby match is expected to make decisions on what has happened on the field of play, regardless of who the player is, this illustrates the principle of fair play in sport. In the premier league football it is often though that players get away with behaviour that would be deemed unacceptable and against the principle of fair play. Values Values are ideals that form the basis of actions and beliefs. An example of a value in sport is when a player endeavours to play well for the teams sake and not for his or her own benefit. Foe example, a hockey goalkeeper would put herself at some risk by saving a hard driven shot, this upholds the value of playing for the sake of others. In premier league football a goalkeeper may try very hard to save a shot and risk injury because he is die to gain as an individual in a forthcoming transfer deal. This is not upholding the value of playing for others. Ethics Ethics are rules that dictate a persons conduct. They form a system of rules that groups and societies are judged on. In sport it is ethical to acknowledge that you have broken the rules of your particular game. For example, a snooker player would tell the referee that he had committed a foul shot even though the referee had not noticed, this shows ethical conduct. In athletics, a runner might take a performance enhancing drug, breaking the rules of competition this is an example of unethical behaviour. The underpinning value of these three definitions is that of fair play and abiding by the rules. Everyone involved at sport at all levels are supposed to encourage ethical considerations that will lead to fair play, it is to be encouraged at all levels of sport and towards all ages of sportsperson but particularly aspiring young athletes. The major underpinning values that are to be taught are:- * Friendship * Respect for others * Playing with a level head and a team spirit * Equal opportunities An explanation as to the importance of ethics and values for sporting organisation and the individuals who participate Individual and group development has a lot to do with the ethics and values that are learnt through life. Ethics and values are important for individuals who take part in sport because sport plays a major role in a lot of peoples lives from an early age. Players and fans that are into sport tend to devote a lot of time and effort to their favourite sport. If you look into the nature of fairplay in sport for some people it leads to their understanding of fairness in a wider social setting, this is because many of our basic values, such as playing fairly are often absorbed through athletic competition because when kids are taught about sports emphasis is often put on playing fair. The underlying importance of this is that if an individual or group do not develop a proper set of ethics and values it will make them and their club look bad. An example is a player like Roy Keane who admitted in his autobiography that he broke a fellow footballers leg simply because he wanted to. From this I can understand that Roy Keane did not grow up with the same sort of values that I did. He didnt get it hammered into him when he was young that breaking someones leg isnt part and parcel of the sport. This also reflects a bad image on the club and if my memory serves me right Manchester United round about that time were considered quite a dirty club. No proud owner of a club really wants their club to be known as an aggressive bunch of cheats. It is nobler to be like Chelsea who last year not only won the Premiership but the fairplay award as well which if you look at it really makes you think yeah they are true champions because they won it fairly. You could argue that they spent 100 million pounds to win the league but they still did it fairly more so than any other team in the land and I and hopefully many other football fans respect them for it. From a strong commitment to ethics and values players can achieve likeability and move onto more successful jobs. An example is Gary Linekar he never received a yellow card in his whole life ans he has since taken over from the legendary Des Lynam as the Match of the Day host. Players with bad reputations that are openly disliked by the majority of fans are unlikely to move onto other limelight jobs when their career over as well as simply being disliked by the general public. When these players careers are over they still have to do the shopping, go out to eat etc. When they go out into the public people are going to have an opinion of them based on the ethics and values that they have shown on the field of play. Who wants to be openly disliked? Clubs have a good public image to gain from having a strong commitment to ethics and values and all good businesses know that a good public image means more money. A consequence of bad ethics and values could be related to athletics. Probably the most talked about ethic in sport is the prohibition of using performance enhancing drugs in athletics. A lot of people do wonder what justifies this prohibition because why shouldnt athletes, especially competent adult athletes be free to take risks with their bodies? The answer to this comes down to ethics and morals most of us have about sport. This is an important rule because performance enhancing drugs such as steroids have very harmful side effects as well as providing an unfair advantage. It is important that a value such is this is instilled into athletes of all ages because really we would hope that all athletes would want to compete clean not only because they should want to see how good they can become without performance enhancing drugs but hopefully the integrity of the sport should be important to them as well. I remember I myself used to be a big fan of athletics back in the day of Linford Christie and Colin Jackson but over time I began to get tired when my heroes, the people I looked up to got stripped of their gold medals because they had cheated. Incidents like these put me off the sport and I no longer watch it, this is why it is important for individuals and organisations to have a strong set of ethics and values. Children look up to and aspire to be like a lot of the athletes that are on the TV these days and a poor showing of ethics and values by a well known professional sportsperson will surely be taken in and acknowledged as ok by many young athletes. Basically fans want to trust that an athletes accomplishments are achieved fairly. Consequences of bad ethics and values are that sportspersons integrity is totally lost, the sports integrity itself will go down and younger athletes may lose faith in wanting to be a professional. Coaches at all levels experience the pleasures of watching young people develop sport skills and contribute to successful teams. However, coaches also have important legal and ethical obligations to their athletes. Coaches need to ensure that a strong set of values are instilled right from the start of those of whom they are coaching playing days. There are a range of ethical responsibilities for a sports coach the most common are To encourage the development of youth into productive citizens and to develop their abilities and attitudes for further learning and success in life. To encourage participation and involve as many people as possible in a competitive experience. All team members, regardless of ability are to be afforded opportunities to develop their work ethic, sense of commitment, and social and athletic skills. All coaching programmes should seek to educate athletes about community support and encourage them to return that support both now and throughout their lives. And one of the biggest goals to be taught is that of The goal is to win, but to win the correct way, a player should never sacrifice his character for a win Earlier on I described the consequences of a bad set of ethics for an individual. In my opinion a coach with a bad set ethics is far worse because it is just not him or her who looks bad it is the people he/she is influencing as well. First of the importance of a proper coaching is the influential factor. This doesnt just apply to children but to adults as well. The problem these days is that winning is everything and some coaches do actually teach that. Various coaches at the top level send their players out to win a match through diving, time wasting and fouling opposition players. So adults can be influenced as well and so can kids who are learning in much the same way that winning is everything. It is imperative that a coach instils values and ethics into a child as early as possible so that they are not so easily swayed into cheating as they get older. This once again helps keeps intact the integrity of the player, the club the play for and the sport. The benefit these players will have are that they can become an upstanding member of the public a role model that players can look up to sort of like a David Beckham figure (bad example). Consequences are that from a young age players are conditioned into thinking that winning is everything and this can spill over into real life. A sports player may cheat on a maths test or lie to get a girlfriend because the values that they learnt through their coaching apply to their real life situations. Coaches need to be a positive role model and penalise unfair play! An example I can remember when this was not done was in the final of the 1999 womens world cup. The American womens football team completed regulation and extra time play against china with the score drawn. The championship, viewed through the world by millions of fans, many of them young American girls captivated by the success of the American women, was to be settled by a penalty shootout. The coach had decided one of the Chinese shooters, Liu Ying, lacked confidence so said something to the American goalkeeper, Briana Scurry. When Ying made her move, Scurry took two quick steps forward, in violation of a rule of football, to cut off Yings shooting angle. The tactic worked. Scurry deflected Yings shot and the Americans won. As for as Im concerned Scurry acted unfairly and cheated by violating a rule on her coaches advice. It set a bad example to all the aspiring young American women and for me and many other people that watched, the American victory was tainted by unethical behaviour in a deliberate violation of the rules. I see that as a major consequence of bad ethics taught and it is still happening all over the world in other sports such as boxing where fighters have cheated in a multitude of ways through their cornermen. To be honest a lot of the people that cheat in sport through advice of their coaches are remembered only for their win and not for the cheating but there are many people still out their who view these sportspeople and the people that coached them as cheats and they have to live that for the rest of their lives. The main value statements that need to be learnt in order to obtain an NVQ in sport and recreations are that people shouldnt be discriminated against based on their age, gender, ethnic origin or if they are disabled. The reason that these value statements are in place is because in this day and age there is still a lot of prejudice in the world. Prejudice cant be afforded in competitive sport or the sports industry. Sport in reality is supposed to be all about enjoyment and achievement and shouldnt in anyway be anything to do with a disability, age or colour of someones skin. The benefits of the individuals who learn these value statements and take them in are that they will influence people to shed their differences and help understand other peoples needs and this will help to draw different types of people together. Basically differences can be buried by sport if people learn these statements then apply them to the sporting organisations they work in. An example is that they could encourage different race teams or mixed age teams or include people with disabilities. Most of the football teams that we support today have a mix of nationalities. The small minority of supporters that are racist tend to support the ethnics in their own team with the same love shown to the people in their team that are the same races as them. This shows that sport can bring people together at the highest level which means that it can be filtered down to lower levels like people working in leisure centres or small clubs. With regards to age sport and sports facilities should cater for all ages. Just because someone becomes older does not mean that they lose there ability or desire to play sport. Old people should be valued equally when they go to a leisure centre its not that they want to do a swimming lap in twenty seconds they just want to enjoy themselves and be involved. Older people might look old but some dont feel old and contribute their knowledge and experience to those that are younger. The benefits of understanding the older people in the community are that it open doors and gives opportunities for special events such as swimming for the elderly or special classes. Old people dont want to feel inferior or isolated and if sporting organisations can help and understand them by arranging and encouraging activities for them to take part in it can only improve the organisations overall/community image. People in the community dont want to feel ostracised so classes such as Muslim women only classes, women only classes and free for the over 60s classes have helped participation rates in relation to sporting activities. If all the people that are part of an organisation have a good set of ethics and morals it can only be productive for the organisation. Good examples will be set, participation rates will be met and the bank balance should show a good profit. The more types of people that are mentioned in the value statements taking part in sporting organisations can only lead to good publicity for the organisation. The consequences of an organisation not having a good set of ethics and values can be quite severe. There could be legal complications if disabled facilities are not available and possibly if there are not enough people from ethnic origins not taking part. Organisations such as leisure centres could lose out on financial gains and suffer loses that could lead to a cut in jobs or the leisure centre losing its contract and being taken over or shut down. As well as that with poor ethics and values there will be no community spirit regarding the sporting organisation because if it does not cater for all the surrounding people it cannot expect to be successful. Successful businesses that have made it have done so due to the fact that they catered for the elderly, disabled etc. Manchester United offer reduced rates for the elderly and disabled and this gives them a good image which is paramount for a big sporting organisation that is in the limelight. Another consequence is that the general health of a community may declines. If the staff at an organisation are showing a lack of morals and values people may not attend which means that they are not getting the exercise that they need and this is particularly important in the elderly. For a lot of people working in sporting organisations they have to realise that the public is the main reason for their existence thus they have to be treated with some respect. If an organisation wants the public to have a good attitude towards them then they have to make sure that all their staff have people skills and a high degree of customer service skills. Employees in sports organisations have very important roles to play because they are on the front lines representing the organisations that they are working for. They need to set good examples and encourage ethics and values in every aspect of their job. If they dont it leads to customer complaints as well as tainting the image of whomever they are working for. On the managements side, they need to make sure that they instil good customer service ethics among employees and thus create a people-focused culture. They also have to take a more serious attitude to customers complaints and in rewarding those employees who display positive attitudes towards customers. Setting examples at the highest level will hopefully filter down examples to the lower levels staff who wont want to break the rules and then they should pass on these same examples to the customers they are serving. Once again this leads to increased participation rates, the business should make more money and have a decent public image. Employers and Employees have other important issues to consider such as providing high and health and safety standards. The importance of Health and safety in sporting organisations such as Leisure centres/gyms cannot be over-emphasised. This applies to employers, who must satisfy legislative requirements and employees, who work with hazardous substances. Consumers too are increasingly interested in knowing about the possible dangers of substances used in leisure centres including those that are added to their food. The public and employees stand to benefit from improved safety because effective health and safety management clearly helps reduce accidents. Obviously the less accidents there are the higher the reputation of the leisure centre/gym. A leisure centre/gym is all about reputation especially when there are so many rivals around. Health and Safety at work benefits:- Well-being at work Safety at work Quality of life Motivation Less injury or sickness Job security Good moral Low turnover Increased productivity Lower insurance premiums Increased reputation